التقنيات الحديثة المستخدمة في التحقيقات القانونية المتعلقة بالحشرات

2011 ??? ??????? ???????

???? ??? ????? ????

KFAS

???????? ??????? ????????? ????????? ??? ??????? ??????? ?????????? ????? ??????

???? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?????? ???? ??? ?? ?????? ??????? ?????? ?? ???????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???????? ????????? ??????? ??? ????? ????:

 

??????? ????? ??????? ???????? PCR ?????? ????? ?????? DNA Sequencing  (Sperling ?????? 1994)

??? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ????? ????? ???? ?? ??? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ????? ??????? ??? ?????? ?????? ??????? ????? ???????? ?????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ???????.

??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?????? ????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ????? ??????? ???????? PCR ?? ??????? ????? ????? ?????? ???????? ?????????.

??? ?? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? 2300 ??? ????? ????? ?????? ????????????? ?? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ?? ????????? ?????????? ???: Phormia regina? Phaenicia sericata ? Lucilia illustris.

??? ??? ???????? 118 ?????? ?? ?????????????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? L. illustris ?????? P. sericata? 186 ?????? ??? L. illustris ? P. regina ???? P. sericata ?P. regina. ????? ?????????? ??????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ???????? ??? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???? ???????.

????? ????????? ?? ?????????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ?????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????? ?????? ??? ???? ????? ?????? ?????????? ??? ?? ?????? ?? ??? ???????? ?????? 9 ??????? ?????.

 

??????????? ????? ?????? Mitochondrial DNA  (Wells ? Sperling 2001)

?????? Wells ? Sperling (2001) ??????????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??? ??????? ???????? ?? ??????? ??????? ???? ??????? Chrysomyinae (????? ?????? ??????? Calliphoriade ????? ??????? ?????? ??????? Diptera).

????? ??? ??????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???? ?? ????? ???? ?????????? ???????? ?? ??? ????? ??????.

 

??????? ????? ????? ????????? ?????????? Potassium Permanganate Staining Technique (Sukontason ?????? 2004)

???? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? ??? ?????? ???????? ??? ????? ????? ???? ?? ????????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ??? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ???? ??????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???????.

??? ??? Sukontason ??????? ???????? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ???????? ???? ????? ???? ??? ????? ????? ??? ????? ??????? ??? ??? ???????:

Chrysomya megacephala (F.)        Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart)

Chrysomya nigripes Aubertin       Chrysomya pacifica Kurahashi

Aldrichina graham (Aldrich)        Lucilia cuprina (Wiedemann)

Musca domestica L.            Megaselia scalaris (Loew)

??? ?????? ???????? ????? ???????? ?????????? ?????? 1% ???? ???? ????? ????? ????? ????? ?? ?????? ????? ??????? (????? ????? ?? ?????? ?? ???? ???????) ?????? 15? 75 ?95% ???? (?? ????? ???? ????? ?????) ??????? ????? ????? ??? ??????? ????????.

?? ??????? ???? ?? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ???? ?????? ?????? ????? ???????? ???????? ????? ???? ?? ?????? ?? ??????? ??? ??? ??????? ???????.

 

??????? ?????? ?????????? Electron Microscope  (Sukontason ?????? 2006)

?????? ?????? ?????????? ?? ??? ????? ??????? ???????? ???????????? ?? ??? ?????? ????? ?????? ??????? ??????? Chrysomya rufifacies (Macquart)  ? Chrysomya villeneuvi Patton? ???? ?? ????? ?? ??????? ????????.

??? ?? ??? ???????? ???????????? ??? ?????? ??????? ???????? ????????? ??? ????? ???????? ???????? ?? ??????? ?? ??? ????? ??? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ???????? ?????? ?????? ???????? ??????? ???? ???????. ??? ??? ??????? ??? ??????? ?? ??????? ??? ???????.

 

??????? ??????? ?????? Gene Expression (Tarone ?????? 2007)

???? ?? ?????? ?????? ???????????? ?????? ??????? ???????? ?? ????? ??? ?????? ??????? ?????? ??? ??? ???????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ??????? ?? ????????? ????????? ???? ?? ???? ??????? ?????? ????? ?? ?????? ???????? ?? ????? ????? ?????? ??? ??????? ??????.

???? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ????? ?????? ????????? ??? ?????? ??? ??? ?????? ???????? ????? ?? ???? ?? ?????? ???? ?? ?? ?? ??????? ????? ???? ??? ????? ??????? ????? ?????? Gene Transcript Levels ????? ???? ?? ????? ?????? ??? ??? ??????.

????? ??? ??????? ???? ?????? ???? ?? ????? ??? ????? ?? ?????? ??? ??? ?? ????? ??????? ????? ????? ??? ?? ??? ?? ???? ???????? ?? ????? ??????? ?????.

???? ??? ??????? ?? ???? ????? ??????? ??? ????? ????? ?????? ?? ????? ?????? ???????? ???????? ?? ????? ???????? ??????? ??????.

??? ?? ???? ???? ????? ???????? ?????? ???? ????? ?????? ?? ???? ????? ??? ?????. ??????? ??? ??????? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ??????? ???? ???? ??????? ?????? ?????? ????? ?? ????? ??????.

 

????? ??????

?????? ??? ???? ?? ????????? ??? ???????? ??????? ????????? ?? ??? ??????? ???????? ???? ?????? ?????? ??????? ??????? ???????? ??????? (???? ?????? ??????? ?? ??? ???????): Wells ?Sperling (1999)? Vincent ?????? (2000)? Stevens ?Wall (2001)? Wallman ?Adams (2001)? Stevens ?????? (2002)? Wells ?????? (2002)? Harvey ?????? (2003a, b)? Campobasso ?????? (2005)? Harvey (2005)? He ?????? (2007)? Wallman ?????? (2005)? Ames ?????? (2006)? Nelson (2008)? Nelson ?????? (2007? 2008a, b)? Harvey ?????? (2008)? Torres ? Azeredo (2008) ? Wells ?Stevens (2008).

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